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SQL – Relational database basics and visualisation

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Training process

Training needs analysis

If you have specific requirements regarding the training programme, we will carry out a training needs analysis for you. This will guide us on which aspects of the programme should receive greater emphasis, so that the training programme meets your specific needs.

What will you gain?

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Solid relational database basics - You will clarify core concepts such as relations, tables, rows, columns, tuples, and primary and foreign keys, making it much easier for you to understand data structures and table links.

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Confident query writing - You will learn to write SELECT queries, filter data with WHERE, sort results, group records, and use subqueries, so you can retrieve the exact information you need on your own.

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Designing correct structures - You will explore relational database design, schema notation, and the principles of normalization and denormalization, helping you build data models that fit real business needs.

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Creating and changing tables - You will practice creating and dropping tables, choosing data types, using auto numbering, and defining constraints, so you can build database structures that are clear and reliable.

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Hands-on data operations - You will master INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE statements, which will let you add, modify, and remove records more confidently while keeping better control over data consistency.

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Safer SQL practices - You will understand how dynamic SQL works and how to reduce SQL Injection risk, while also learning basic transaction error handling to make your database solutions more secure.

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Automating database logic - You will learn how to use stored procedures, functions, variables, and control flow statements, so you can move logic into the database and streamline everyday application work.

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Better data consistency control - You will work with transactions, DML and DDL triggers, and views, giving you better tools to protect data operations, organize access, and maintain consistency across the system.

Training programme

1. Discussion of the fundamental principles on which relational databases are based

  • relations,
  • table,
  • row,
  • column,
  • tuple,
  • primary and foreign key and relationships between tables.

2. Understanding the key role of the SQL language

  • selection statements using the SELECT keyword,
  • selecting specific rows using the WHERE clause,
  • sorting data – ORDER BY,
  • selecting the first n rows (TOP),
  • functions and operators,
  • grouping data using the HAVING statement,
  • joining tables,
  • subqueries,
  • combining data using the apparatus of set theory.

3. Overview of the objectives of creating views in relational databases

4. Discussion of the relational database design process

  • database design process,
  • schema notations,
  • patterns.

5. Presentation of the most important concepts of relational databases

  • the process of creating a database,
  • normalization – advantages and disadvantages,
  • denormalization – advantages and disadvantages.

6. Detailed description of the process of creating tables in databases

  • creating (CREATE) and deleting (DROP) tables,
  • auto-numbering of rows,
  • types of data types,
  • joining tables,
  • constraints (integrity constraints).

7. Practical approach to operations on data

  • inserting data – INSERT,
  • updating data – UPDATE,
  • deleting data – DELETE.

8. Discussion of methods for creating SQL queries

  • subqueries,
  • dynamic SQL and prevention of SQL Injection,
  • cursors.

9. Introduction to working with variables in the SQL language

  • scalar,
  • table.

10. Detailed overview of various types of data available in relational databases

  • numeric,
  • text,
  • date and time,
  • XML,
  • other (e.g. hierarchyid, cursor).

11. Discussion of control statements in SQL

  • conditional statement IF,
  • loops.

12. Overview of the principles of creating and managing tables in relational databases

  • temporary,
  • global.

13. Description of stored procedures in SQL

14. Discussion of functions in SQL

  • scalar:
    • date and time,
    • logical,
    • text,
    • conversion,
  • tabular,
  • grouping data,
  • ordering data,
  • user-defined.

15. Presentation of transactions as a mechanism ensuring data consistency in databases

  • theoretical foundations,
  • implementation examples,
  • error handling.

16. Description of triggers in SQL

  • DML,
  • DDL.

What are the prerequisites for participating in the training?

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Computer literacy - You should be comfortable using a computer, keyboard, and operating system so you can work efficiently in a query tool and manage the exercise files during the course.

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Basic data handling - You should understand what records, columns, and simple data sets are, so it will be easier for you to work with tables and correctly interpret SQL query results.

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Logical thinking - You should be able to analyze conditions and relationships between pieces of information, as this will help you when filtering data, joining tables, and writing complex queries.

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Basic technical English - You should recognize basic technical English terms, because many SQL keywords, function names, and tool messages that you will encounter during training are in English.