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Database Performance Optimization – Performance Tuning in Practice

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Training process

Training needs analysis

If you have specific requirements regarding the training programme, we will carry out a training needs analysis for you. This will guide us on which aspects of the programme should receive greater emphasis, so that the training programme meets your specific needs.

What will you gain?

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Faster root-cause diagnosis - You will learn how to pinpoint what is really slowing a database down: queries, indexes, server settings, or I/O. This helps you reach the actual cause faster and avoid trial-and-error tuning.

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Better SQL queries - You will learn how to read execution plans and rewrite inefficient SQL. In practice, this means shorter response times, lower resource usage, and more predictable database behavior in production.

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Smarter indexing - You will understand how to choose indexes for specific query patterns and verify whether they are truly used. This lets you speed up reads without adding unnecessary overhead to write operations.

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More efficient data design - You will see how design choices affect database speed. You will make better decisions about data types, relationships, normalization levels, and partitioning to reduce costly operations on large tables.

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Stronger server tuning - You will understand which memory, CPU, parallelism, and I/O settings matter most for performance. This will help you make better configuration decisions for your own database environment.

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Effective performance monitoring - You will learn how to track key metrics, define useful alert thresholds, and analyze trends over time. This helps you detect performance degradation before it turns into a visible business issue.

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Bottleneck elimination - You will be able to distinguish between CPU, memory, disk, locking, and concurrency issues. This lets you apply the right fix instead of spending time optimizing the wrong part of the system.

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Hands-on implementation skills - You will work through realistic tuning scenarios and compare results before and after changes. This makes it much easier to transfer proven solutions into your own database environment and daily work.

Training programme

1. Introduction to performance tuning

  • what performance is in databases,
  • performance metrics (response time, throughput, resources),
  • approach to optimization (step-by-step process).

2. Analysis of slow queries

  • identification of slow queries (logs, system tools),
  • analysis of the query execution plan (execution plan),
  • most common errors in SQL queries:
    • lack of filters,
    • inefficient JOINs,
    • functions in WHERE,
  • refactoring of SQL queries,
  • query performance testing.

3. Index optimization

  • types of indexes:
    • clustered indexes,
    • nonclustered indexes,
  • selection of indexes for queries,
  • analysis of index usage,
  • removal of unnecessary indexes,
  • impact of indexes on INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE operations.

4. Design and data model vs performance

  • normalization vs denormalization,
  • data types and their impact on performance,
  • relationships and keys,
  • lookup tables and hierarchies,
  • data partitioning.

5. Server parameter tuning

  • memory management (RAM, cache),
  • CPU and parallelism configuration,
  • disk and I/O settings,
  • database engine configuration,
  • configuration differences for popular systems:
    • Microsoft SQL Server,
    • PostgreSQL,
    • Oracle Database.

6. Performance monitoring

  • monitoring tools,
  • key indicators (CPU, RAM, I/O, query time),
  • alerting and performance thresholds,
  • performance trend analysis,
  • problem reporting.

7. Identification of bottlenecks

  • system load analysis,
  • CPU vs memory vs disk,
  • locks and deadlocks,
  • query concurrency issues,
  • queue and delays analysis.

8. Advanced performance tuning

  • optimization of complex queries,
  • use of cache and query plans,
  • materialized views and aggregations,
  • optimization of large data sets,
  • batch processing vs real-time.

9. Good practices and system approach

  • methodology of working with performance,
  • optimization checklist,
  • most common errors and anti-patterns,
  • continuous monitoring and optimization strategy.

10. Case study and practical scenarios

  • analysis of real performance problems,
  • step-by-step optimization,
  • comparison of results before and after optimization,
  • implementation recommendations,
  • we deliver the training in a workshop format and each time tailor it to the technology used (e.g. SQL Server, PostgreSQL, Oracle) and real performance problems in the organization.

What are the prerequisites for participating in the training?

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SQL fundamentals - You should be comfortable writing basic SQL using SELECT, WHERE, JOIN, GROUP BY, and ORDER BY, so during the training you can focus on performance rather than query syntax.

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Relational database basics - You should understand tables, primary and foreign keys, relationships, and basic data types, because the training refers to data modeling decisions and their impact on performance.

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Practical database experience - It is helpful if you have experience running queries and analyzing data in systems such as SQL Server, PostgreSQL, or Oracle, because the exercises use realistic production-style issues.

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Basic server concepts - You should know core server resource concepts such as CPU, RAM, disk, and I/O, so you can more easily understand how environment configuration affects database performance.